This book is a collection of 20 papers on communal and pan-Islamic trends in British India. The contributors are well-known historians and political scientists who have made communal and Muslim politics a subject of their special study. The papers, representing varied points of view, focus on different aspects of the Khilafat and Non-cooperation movements, on communal riots, on communal consciousness in literature, on the part played by religion in 'Muslim politics', and on the historiography of communalism in India. Regional studies on Assam and the Central Provinces cover areas left untouched by earlier studies on the Khilafat movement and on communal relations. Most of these papers were first presented at two seminars organized by the Department of History, Jamia Millia Islamia, in 1979 and 1980.