This volume is Ambedkar's criticism of the Indian nationalist leader M.K. Gandhi, and the grand old party of India, the Indian National Congress, for their position towards the untouchable community. He felt that both the party and Gandhi had underestimated the cause of the upliftment of untouchables. He also shared his personal experience where he was mistreated by his upper-caste peers despite having high educational credentials. Coming back from England, after achieving his double doctorate from the London School of Economics, he entered into main-stream politics by forming a party for untouchables, the Independent Labour Party. He relates his personal experiences and other factual shreds of evidence and arguments when he criticizes both the party and Gandhian politics for not widely representing the untouchables in mainstream politics.