Development of hill livelihood has become a matter of national interest in recent years. Jammu and Kashmir, the northernmost region, mainly mountainous and hilly state (now UT) of India, popularly known as heaven on earth, is predominantly agro based. Number of factors like unpredictable climatic conditions, floods and droughts, non-sustainable productivity and production of agricultural crops, health hazards due to air, water and soil pollution and erosion, widespread habitat deterioration etc. are main areas of concern facing hilly regions of the country and Jammu & Kashmir is not an exception in this regard. With this back ground, the present volume "Efficiency Analysis of Hill Agriculture: A Micro Level Study of Jammu and Kashmir", aims to study the efficiency and related factors of hill agriculture with special reference to Jammu and Kashmir. The main focus of this study is efficiency analysis of hill agriculture in Jammu and Kashmir. In-depth and comprehensive analysis and deliberations regarding present status, challenges and issues confronting the residents of hilly region in general and hill agriculturist in particular for Jammu and Kashmir, has also been discussed here.