Based on studies carried out in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam, this publication examines the role of trawl fisheries for food security and livelihoods, and looks into the potential impacts of management measures. The book reveals significant differences in a range of areas across the countries: demographic structure of vessel owners and crew; fishing practices (boat, gear, season, duration, catch composition, value chain and markets); trawl fisheries’ significance as a source of food and revenue; the role of women; catch/income sharing arrangements, and much more. The studies were presented and reviewed in two workshops attended by fisheries technical officers, socio-economic consultants, and national project coordinators from the five partner countries