This publication presents and analyses the findings of the second reporting exercise under the Water Convention, which was carried out in 2020. It reviews and summarises progress made in the implementation of the Convention and further identifies significant trends, successes, challenges and opportunities concerning transboundary water cooperation. The reporting mechanism under the Convention was formally adopted (decision VII/2) by the Meeting of the Parties to the Water Convention at its seventh session (Budapest, 17-19 November 2015).