Increasing demand for natural resources, most of which are not renewable, changing climates and technologies, urbanisation, growing populations, societal demand and inequalities, globalisation and other megatrends are putting pressure on natural resources. There are many complex policy issues and difficult choices to be made, which necessitate a comprehensive nexus approach that can address the many interactions and trade-offs involved. This publication reviews the situation, trends, challenges and main interactions for the five natural resources of the nexus - water, energy, food, land and materials. Three interlinkages which are very relevant to the Natural Resource Nexus, namely, statistics, transport and trade, both of which are addressed by the UNECE.