This volume deals with shifts and changes that took place during the Middle Ages when things, or ideas, or writings, were transferred from time to time, place to place, or one ideological realm to another. The same objects, ideas or texts changed their meaning, impact or symbolic value according to different contexts. These papers investigate the authority attributed to texts and their canonization in different contexts; the shifting uses and meaning of gifts, from honorable instruments in the settlement of disputes to corruption and bribery; and the transition of violence and power from relationships between equals to a tool for the maintenance of hierarchies.