This text contains the 11 papers which were read at the Second Peshitta Symposium, held in Leiden on 19th to 21st August 1993, as well as two reports on the ongoing work on the Peshitta in Stellenbosch and Leiden. In addition an appendix provides an update of the Annotated Bibliography of the Peshitta of the Old Testament (Monographs of the Peshitta Institute, No 5). The papers discuss various aspects of the Peshitta as a translation: its translation technique(s); its relation to Septuagint and Targum; its language; and its use for text-critical purposes. This work is intended to be of relevance to scholars who are engaged in research of the Peshitta and in the history of the Old Testament text, as well as for Syriacists.