This book is the result of sustained analysis and textual study on the extremely articulate trajectory of Vico’s interest in metaphysics and jurisprudence before the New Sciences. Particular importance is given to the three books of Diritto universale which mark a significant step in the redefinition of the relationship between philosophical questions of law and metaphysics. This has led to the acknowledgement of the connection - rather than the juxtaposition - of natural and historic law in Vico. So the originality of the new natural right of peoples which, unlike Grotius’ law between nations, theorizes the historical right of nations, natural, rational and positive at the same time. The modernity of an original thought such as Vico’s is achieved by the significance of the demand for unity of human and divine knowledge. He sees the verum in the history with an aspiration to a concrete universal, not devoid, however, of the absoluteness, identified in the ideals that are the human ideas constitutive of human history lived ethically in the experience of religion.