Social security is the foundation on which a nation can guarantee protection against social risks and decent work for its workers. As in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, the question of social security also arises in Burkina Faso. In terms of social welfare, the country still faces enormous difficulties in ensuring a high-quality social service accessible to all Burkinabe. For public-sector employees, the contribution rate is constant, and the pay-as-you-go system is used to manage these pensions. These factors motivated us to choose this topic. The main objective of this thesis was therefore to analyze CARFO's contribution to growth in Burkina Faso, at both macro and micro levels. More specifically, the aim was to assess its impact on Gross Domestic Product and on the living conditions of pensioners. For this study, a field survey was carried out to collect primary data, enabling us to carry out a statistical analysis of the socio-economic characteristics of policyholders.