This work carried out a conceptual theoretical study on ageing and the major changes that accompany this process in our society, emphasising the implications for the institutionalisation of the elderly. Based on considerations about the phenomenon of ageing in Brazil, the research sought to analyse the context of shelters for the elderly and the care provided by Long Stay Institutions (ILPIs). Our general aim was to reflect on the socio-historical aspects that make up an institution for the care of the elderly and the repercussions of the institutionalisation process on ageing and frail individuals. The specific objectives were: to describe the gerontological practices carried out in ILPIs and the nuances achieved by the perception of the ageing process; to problematise institutionalised old age in an interdisciplinary way; to present the psychoanalytical aspects that have an impact on the discomfort of ageing in contemporary times; to research issues relating to enclosure, reminiscence and resistance.