Research carried out in 2007 and 2008 in Sub-Saharan Africa - Great Lakes Region, deposited in local university libraries and in the library of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (Kigali), distributed to certain senior governmental and non-governmental officials; This book highlights the obstacles encountered by unaccompanied children during armed conflicts, both national and international, and proposes a legal framework and other remedies with which parties to the conflict should comply in order to be on good terms with international humanitarian law. The author also proposes remedies that can be applied even in peacetime. Finally, the author realises that armed conflicts are part of the history of international relations and are only a transitional period in those relations, and therefore should not be conducted in such a way as to make peace impossible.