Severe head injury is associated with high morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. Head trauma can occur in animals for many reasons, most of which are motor vehicle accidents, falls from height, bullet injuries, attacks by other animals, and deliberate or unintentional attacks by humans. Appropriate treatment options for head injury patients are controversial in veterinary medicine, however, due to the lack of retrospective or prospective clinical data, most clinical recommendations are based on experimental studies, human head injury studies, or personal experience. A functional and patient-acceptable recovery should be achieved by applying appropriate treatment quickly. With fast and appropriate treatment applications, the hope for functional recovery of patients increases.This book has been written to review the pathophysiology associated with head injury, appropriate patient evaluation, and standard treatment interventions in the light of the latest literature data.