In the current context, health care-related infections (HAIs) represent a major challenge given their high morbidity and mortality rates. In addition, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics is associated with an increase in the occurrence of these events, making HAIs a major public health problem worldwide. In the book in question, we sought to broadly address these infectious processes, focusing on the concepts, history, etiologies, associated complications, prevention and treatment, and mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics, as well as the presentation of occurrence rates and the exposure of an article on the subject.