The anthology analyses the development of the two overlapping epidemics HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C in Central Asia and China against the background of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Both epidemics have a significant impact on public health and particularly affect drug users. In order to contain the epidemics, it is therefore essential to develop prevention programmes for vulnerable groups and to counteract stigmatisation and social marginalisation. The publication combines country chapters and case studies on overarching topics such as the portrayal of HIV/AIDS in the media, the role of NGOs and the implementation of harm reduction programmes.