This volume represents the second of a three volume dictionary of old Indian dialectics, epistemology and methodology. This dictionary is the first attempt to make the formal terminology as developed in the early period of Indian philosophy accessible to a larger public. Its aim is to show the historical development of this terminology from the beginnings of systematic philosophical reflection in India up to the time of Dignaga (ca. 480 - 540 A.D.) on the basis of the following sources: the early Samhitas and the texts of the grammarians such as Patanjali insofar as they deal with epistemological or methodological terms, the texts of the Tantrayukti-tradition of the medical schools of Caraka, Susruta etc. and the Kautiliyarthasastra, the fundamental Sutras of the classical schools - Sankhya, Nyaya, Vaisesika and Mimamsa. As well as using the early commentaries, the volume also takes account of the texts of the early dialectical traditions of Buddhism.