To mark the occasion of the lOOth anniversary of Schering research two events took place: a) a Workshop on Bioscience ;:=: Society, which was held November 24-30, 1990 in Berlin. The goal of the workshop was: Do current and anticipated developments in bioscience require a new covenant between science and society? The results have been published as the first volume of a newly created Schering Foundation Workshop series* by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chich ester, England (D.J. Roy, E.W. Wynne, and R.W. Old, eds. (1991), Bio science ;:=: Society, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons); b) a Round Table Discussion, held on December I, 1990, where the results of the workshop were discussed by a special invited panel. The meetings were sponsored by the Senate of the City of Berlin and Schering AG, Berlin. This publication contains summary reports of the four discussion groups of the workshop presented by their moderators, and the comments of the panel at the Round Table Discussion. This is the second volume in the Schering Foundation Workshop series. We hope that this series will contribute to a better understanding of science and to a better recognition of its merits.