The shape of today’s landscape has been heavily influenced by human intervention since the 19th century. Changes in agriculture, industrialization and state spatial planning promoted the change in land use. The ideal-typical separation between destroyed and healty nature eventually led to the protection of certain landscapes that had not yet been fully developed. Migration movements promoted this landscape change. In Central and Eastern Europe, the consequences of emigration and urbanization overlapped with the profound break of compulsory migrations during the Second World War and immediately thereafter. As a result of this, as well as through structural policy in the countries of state socialism after 1945, many areas of this region changed fundamentally. The authors of the publication are examining in an exemplary way how migration has led to landscape changes in Eastern Europe. Besides state landscape planning in the context of controlled migrations, it is also about the role of migrants and their dealings with landscape. The volume is closed by three contributions, in which interpretations and forms of presentation of landscape change in textbooks and on educational trails are analyzed.