Gilberto Freyre was arguably the most famous intellectual of twentieth-century Latin America. He was active as a sociologist, a historian, a journalist, a cultural critic, a deputy in the Brazilian Assembly, a novelist, poet, and artist. He was a cultural critic, with a good deal to say about architecture, past and present, and a public intellectual, whose pronouncements on race, region, and empire - not to mention sex - made him famous in some quarters and notorious in others. The Masters and the Slaves , his most famous work, went through forty editions and has been translated into nine languages, made into a comic book and a television mini-series, while two directors (one of them Robert Rossellini) planned to turn it into a flim. Yet he is not well known to the western world.Freyre was a major social thinker, one of the few who have not come from Western Europe or the USA, and this book argues that we should take account of the pioneering work of this gifted thinker. His ideas are of particular relevance today for both political and academic reasons. His interest in gender, ethnicity, hybridity, identity, globalization, and capitalism ensure that his ideas are still provocative and topical, and ready to be introduced to a wider audience.