The fact that most of the suitable land has already been cultivated, meeting a projected target of a 50% increase in the global food production by 2050 to match the projected population growth becomes a challenging task. This book provides a timely update on the recent progress in our knowledge on all aspects of plant’s perception, signalling and adaptation to a variety of environmental stresses such as drought, salinity, temperature and pH extremes, waterlogging, oxidative stress, and pathogens.