The North Carolina 7th Infantry Regiment was organized at Camp Mason, near Graham, North Carolina, in August 1861. Its members were recruited in the counties of Iredell, Alexander, Cabarrus, Rowan, New Hanover, Mecklenburg, Nash, and Wake. The unit took an active part in the fight at New Bern, and then advanced to Virginia. It was assigned to General Branch's, Law's, and Lane's Brigade, Army of Northern Virginia. After fighting at Hanover Court House, it participated in the various campaigns of the army from the Seven Days Battles to Cold Harbor, and then was involved in the Siege of Petersburg south and north of the James River. The regiment sustained 51 casualties at New Bern, 253 out of the 450 engaged during the Seven Days Battles, 69 at Second Manassas and Ox Hill, 52 at Sharpsburg, and 86 at Fredericksburg. There were 37 killed and 127 wounded at Chancellorsville, and of the 291 in action at Gettysburg, thirty-one percent were disabled. It lost 5 killed, 62 wounded, and 37 missing at the Wilderness, and 11 killed and 28 wounded at Spotsylvania. On February 26, 1865, the unit was ordered to North Carolina where it surrendered with the Army of Tennessee with 13 officers and 139 men. A detachment surrendered at Appomattox with 1 officer and 18 men.