Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are bio-based and biodegradable polyesters produced naturally by numerous microorganisms such as certain bacterial species. Some of the microorganisms which are used for the production of PHAs are Ralstonia eutropha, Aspergillus eutrophus, and Cupriavidus necator. The properties of PHAs, including their biocompatibility and biodegradability, make them appropriate for a number of applications in various industries. In the biomedical sector, some major applications of PHAs are in the areas of drug delivery, surgery, tissue engineering, bio-implant patches, and wound dressing. PHAs are green plastics having positive social and environmental impact in contrast to conventional plastics, in regards to their production and recycling. There are no chronic or acute health effects of PHA, even if they are utilized in-vivo. This book provides comprehensive insights on the biomedical applications of polyhydroxyalkanoates. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. This book aims to equip students and experts with the advanced topics and upcoming concepts in this area of study.