The physiology of physical exercise is known as exercise physiology. It includes the study of acute responses and chronic adaptations to exercise. It closely observes and examines the effects of exercise including changes in cardiovascular, muscular, and neurohumoral systems. It also leads to changes in the strength and functional capacity due to endurance training. The effect of training on the body is the reaction to the adaptive responses of the body that arise from exercise. This field is also involved in studying the effect of exercise on pathology along with the mechanisms by which exercise can reduce or reverse disease progression. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts in the field of exercise physiology. It aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of this field. The book is appropriate for those seeking detailed information in this area.