In this volume, the life and work of some of history’s pioneers in the study of plants and animals are thoroughly explored. It provides excellent biographical sketches for trailblazers in the sciences. Articles are devoted to specific scientists, covering their contributions to their field, specifically addressing how their research, discoveries, and inventions impacted human understanding and experience. This volume covers names from around the world and throughout the centuries, with a chapter specifically devoted to the top scientific contributors of the 21st century.