The federal government is the world’s largest and most complex entity, with about $3.5 trillion in outlays in the fiscal year of 2010, funding a broad array of programs and operations. This book examines government operations that have been identified as high risk due to their greater vulnerabilities to fraud, waste, abuse and mismanagement or the need for transformation to address the economy, efficiency or effectiveness challenges. Since 1990, there have been over 50 areas designated as high risk and subsequently removed. Solutions to high risk problems offer the potential to save billions of dollars, improve service to the public, and strengthen the performance and accountability of the U.S. government.