This book presents and discusses current research in the study of natural and processed substances. Topics discussed include the characterisation and production of ‘healthy’ health productions; SEM-based structural and chemical analysis of paraffin wax and beeswax; replacing synthetic adhesives with natural adhesives; molecular structure evaluation of beeswax and paraffin wax; crude and refined petroleum products and the effect of chemical modification on dye adsorption capacity of pistachio hull.