International experts from academia, industry and government discuss the cellular mechanisms that underlie rapid and delayed responses to oxygen deprivation, known as hypoxia. This volume brings together researchers and clinicians from developmental and cellular biology, drug development, oncology, neurobiology and medicine to discuss: how hypoxia-inducible factors regulate development and physiology, how cells sense changes in oxygen availability, and how oxygen availability affects several pathologies like pulmonary hypertension, sleep apnea, cancer and neurodegeneration.