The oldest of human institutions, monarchy has been tried in a range of variations through the ages. The absolute power of kings and emperors gave way to constitutional monarchy before losing popularity in the modern age. This compelling guide traces the history of monarchs as early as ancient Egypt, through ancient Rome, the Middle Ages, Early Modern Europe, and the decline of monarchies as more than figureheads in the early twentieth century. Inscriptions, artwork, documents, and more bring color and comprehension to this ancient form of government.