The Laboratory Manual is a valuable tool designed to enhance your experience of the materials contained in the core textbook. Each lab activity is made up of several parts: Introduction; Background; Materials; Procedures and Analysis. The manual also contains a short appendix made of a list of suppliers for the equipment and specimens, Lab Rules, Guide to the Solutions used in the text; Conversion Factors for the English and Metric systems; Fahrenheit to Centigrade Temperature Conversions; and Do’s and Dont’s of Recirculation Systems.