Albert Hirschman affirmed that Judith Tendler’s fine insights into the differential characteristics and side-effects of thermal and hydropower, and of generation and distribution, contributed in many ways to the formation of my views. Judith Tendler, in turn, wrote that Hirschman had taught her to look where I never would have looked before for insight into a country’s development, and that in Albert’s work a researcher who was patient enough would find a rich complexity of both success and failure, efficiency alongside incompetence, order cohabiting with disorder.

Reconstructing the theoretical roots of interpretive social science, this text shows how Hirschman’s possibilism lies at the base of the original way Tendler practiced evaluation and anticipated many current developments. The continuing vitality of their thought enables us to trace the outlines of possibilist evaluation.