This title presents a clear, systematic treatment of convergence theorems of set-valued random variables (random sets) and fuzzy set-valued random variables (random fuzzy sets). Topics such as strong laws of large numbers and central limit theorems, including results in connection with the theory of empirical processes, are covered. The author’s own recent developments on martingale convergence theorems and their applications to data processing are also included. The mathematical foundations along with a clear explanation such as H olmander’s embedding theorem, notions of various convergence of sets and fuzzy sets, Aumann integrals, conditional expectations, selection theorems, measurability and integrability arguments for both set-valued and fuzzy set-valued random variables and newly obtained optimizations techniques based on invariant properties are also given.