John Clare, Politics and Poetry challenges the traditional portrait of ‘poor John Clare’, the helpless victim of personal and professional circumstance. Clare’s career has been presented as a disaster of editorial heavy-handedness, condescension, a poor market, and conservative patronage. Yet Clare was not a passive victim. This study explores the sources of the ‘poor Clare’ tradition, and recovers Clare’s agency, revealing a writer fully engaged in his own professional life and in the social and political questions of the day.