This book documents the most extensive study ever on the use of deep sea tailing placement at the Island Copper Mine on Canada’s Vancouver Island. The study examined all aspects of this innovative program which utilized 400 million tones of tailing solids, beginning with it’s initial implementation in 1971 to five years after the mine’s closure in 1995. Coverage includes placement program, engineering, chemical, biological, cost savings and environmental considerations. Includes 8 color pages. Contents: An Introduction to Deep Sea Tailing Placement; Selection of Subsea Tailing Placement; Engineering Challenges and Solutions; The History of Morphological Change on the Seafloor of Rupert and Holberg Inlets; Geochemistry: Chemical Stabilities of Tailing Sediment; Changes in Physical and Chemical Properties of Rupert Inlet Waters; Changes in the Biological Properties of the Pelagic Environment of Rupert Waters During 22 Years of Mine Operations; Seabed Biodiversity and Island Copper Mine: Impact and Recovery; Underwater Biodiversity Surveys and Biological Colonization of the Waste Dump Shoreline; Fisheries, Tailing Bioassays, Trace Metal Bioaccumulation in Benthos, and Settling Plates; Postclosure Rehabilitation and Assessment of Inlet System.