This text charts the history of how psychoanalysis became an essential element of contemporary Argentine culture in the media, in politics, and in daily private lives. The book reveals the unique conditions and complex historical process that made possible the diffusion, acceptance and popularization of psychoanalysis in Argentina, which has the highest number of psychoanalysts per capita in the world. It shows why the intellectual trajectory of the psychoanalytic movement was different in Argentina than in either the United States or Europe and how Argentine culture both fostered and was shaped by its influence. The book starts with a description of the Argentine medical and intellectual establishments reception of psychoanalysis, and the subsequent founding of the Argentine Psychoanalytic Association in 1942. It then broadens to describe the emergence of a psy culture in the 1960s, tracing its origins to a complex combination of social, economic, political, and cultural factors. The author then analyzes the role of diffusers of psychoanalysis in Argentina both those who were part of the psychoanalytic establishment and those who were not.