The continuing success of helio and asteroseismology in studying the internal structure and dynamics of the Sun, and of other single stars, has been highlighted in recent years by many topical meetings. The present Proceedings document the first seismology symposium ever held in conjunction with an IAU General Assembly. This substantially influenced the layout of the scientific programme and demonstrates the vitality of this field of astronomy. The invited reviews are intended to address an audience that includes many non-specialists. Therefore, this volume is an introduction to the general concepts of the field. There are two chapters on the many facets of asteroseismology, which also compare solar and stellar achievements. A major focus of the symposium was the new developments resulting from the observations of unprecedented quality obtained from global multi-site networks, and especially from the solar and heliospheric observatory SOHO, currently continuing its observations from the Lagrangian point L1. From the centre of the Sun to its outer layers, the reader will learn how modern diagnostic techniques reveal the inextricable links between the complex structure of the interior and atmosphere of our nearest star. The book is recommended for undergraduates, postgraduates, and professionals with an interest in modern developments in astrophysics.