Dawkins examines the forces that made the nude a contentious image in the early Third Republic. Analyzing the evolving relationship between the fine-art nude, print culture and censorship, Heather Dawkins explores how artists, art critics, politicians, bureaucrats, lawyers, and judges evaluated the nude. She shows how spectatorship of the nude was refracted through the ideals of art, femininity, republican liberty, and public decency. An art form made for and by men, the nude was rarely the subject of serious engagement on the part of women. A few, nevertheless, attempted to take up the issues and challenges of the nude. Dawkins investigates in detail how these women reshaped the genre of the nude and its spectatorship in order for it to accommodate their own experience and subjectivity.