The authors in this collection use Vygotsky’s cultural-historical theory of human development to frame their analyses of schooling, with particular emphasis on the ways in which literacy practices are mediated by social interaction and cultural artifacts. This volume extends Vygotsky’s cultural-historical theoretical framework to embrace nuances of learning and development that are influenced by culture as instantiated through the experiences of race, ethnicity, and language variation. This collection serves as a form of collaborative inquiry that itself will stimulate further consideration of these topics and further learning with Vygotsky about the ways in which individuals and social groups inquire and learn.