This book presents a new view of Jean Sibelius as composer and man, a figure of national and international significance, patriot, husband and father. Three introductory articles explore Sibelius’s reception in Finland, performance practice and recording history, and Sibelius’s aesthetic position with regard to modernity. The second group of essays examines issues of ideology, sexuality, and mythology, and their relationship to musical structure and compositional genesis. Studies of the Second, Fourth, Sixth, and Seventh Symphonies are presented in the concluding section. Collectively, these articles address historical, theoretical and analytical issues in Sibelius’s most important works. The analyses are supported by new investigations of Sibelius’s compositional process as documented by the manuscripts and sketches primarily in the Sibelius Collection of the Helsinki University Library. Exploring Sibelius’s innovative approach to tonality, form, and texture, the book delineates his unique brand of modernism, which has proven highly influential in the late twentieth century.