This report on sport and exercise science and medicine says that more must be done to make use of exercise based treatments. There is compelling evidence that physical activity can be used as part of treatment for a wide range of chronic diseases. Yet there is a lack of awareness and appropriate training for health professionals of the benefits of exercise based treatments. A recent survey of 48 London GP practices found that none were aware of the latest Physical Activity Guidelines. The NHS should consider adding physical activity to the Quality and Outcomes Framework, which rewards GPs for how well they care for patients. NICE and the NHS should update chronic disease guidelines with detailed information about exercise, and evaluate the best way to deliver exercise treatments through the NHS. There is disappointment that the Sports Minister was interested only in increasing participation in sport, not using sport to improve the nation’s health. The Committee believe that the National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, set up as part of Olympic legacy, may not be sustainable. The funding from government is a one-off GBP30m capital investment with no satisfactory strategy beyond that. On sports science, the Committee argue that approaches taken to improve the performance of elite athletes are not consistently based on strong biomedical science, nor do they seem to be systematically informed by the latest developments in science. Findings from high quality sports science could provide the basis for translational research to produce benefits for the wider public