Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Clinical Aspects

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease of the body in which the immune system attacks healthy tissue. It is known as the great imitator as it mimics the symptoms of other illnesses. Some common complaints are joint pains, fever, malaise, fatigue and muscle pains. The presentation of the disease can be different in males and females. Women tend to have more relapses, arthritis, a low white blood cell count, psychiatric symptoms and Raynaud’s phenomenon. In contrast, men can have more seizures, serositis, kidney disease, peripheral neuropathy and skin problems. Skin symptoms can prevail in nearly 70% of individuals with lupus. Anti-extractable nuclear antigen and antinuclear antibody comprise the serologic testing for this disease. SLE cannot be cured but a range of treatment options are available to control it. Death may occur within 5 years if complications such as infections and organ failures occur. This is largely preventable with early diagnosis and treatment. This book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of systemic lupus erythematosus and the recent researches in this pathological condition. The objective of this book is to give a general view of the different aspects of its pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. The extensive content of this book provides the readers with a thorough understanding of this disease.