The human brain and its behaviour present one of the most challenging, but at the same time, one of the most fascinating endeavours among the scientific and philosophical inquiries. Therefore, from a comprehensive perspective, every heuristic approach (epistemological, philosophical and scientific) to the study of the human brain and mind should be understood not as an exclusive paradigm, but rather as a perspective from which these complex and amazing phenomenon are investigated. This book provides essays written by world-wide renowned academics with expertise in their respective fields of knowledge. They are intended both to stimulate the reader’s curiosity and also to provide him a broad sense of the several possible philosophical and scientific approaches to the study of brain, mind and behaviour.